Rachel Ruysch – The Flourishing Career of a Forgotten Old Master

Posted on March 12, 2025March 13, 2025 by David Dallas

Continuing on the theme of famous female Old Master painters, I am turning my attention to Rachel Ruysch (1664-1750). She has many virtues. Apart from being a wonderful painter, she has been very thoughtful to future generations of scholars by almost always signing her works and giving her age, so a chronology of her oeuvre is simple to work out. This is a practice she began at 15 and continued until she was 83, although she lived to be 86 and was married for 52 years.

She had several advantages at the start of her career. The first of which was being born in the Hague to Frederick Ruysch, a professor of anatomy and botany (she was to become the most famous flower painter of her generation) and Maria Post, whose uncle Frans was a distinguished landscape painter famous for his views painted in the Dutch colony of Nieuw Holland, in Brazil. Another boon was to be apprenticed to the brilliant Delft still life painter Willem van Aelst (1627-1683), who had so impressed Ferdinand II de Medici, when court painter in Florence, that he gave van Aelst a gold medal and chain at a public ceremony to acknowledge his genius.

Her early works are forest floor scenes in the manner of Matthias Withoos and Otto Marseus van Schrieck, which allowed her to introduce various insects and lizards amongst the plant roots, which she would have copied as a child in her father’s private museum. He had invented a technique for embalming plants and animals, the secrets of which he refused to divulge.

At the age of 15 she was apprenticed to Willem van Aelst and he taught her the art of composing bunches of flowers in a vase in a naturalistic way, even though many of the plants could not have been blooming at the same time. The meticulously painted petals are enlivened by dewdrops, ants, caterpillars and other plant-loving insects.

In 1693 she married the portrait painter Juriaen Pool and they subsequently had 10 children. Childcare was not a problem, as Rachel’s flower pieces sold for between 750-1,250 guilders. To put this in context, Rembrandt rarely received more than 500 guilders for a picture in his lifetime, but he did produce the ‘1000 guilder’ print. In the portrait of her by her husband, Juriaen Pool, she sits with her head in her right hand, a symbol of melancholy and genius, since antiquity, whilst her husband, who is in the background both physically and metaphorically, points to one of her pictures on the easel.

At the end of the century, she and Juriaen moved to The Hague and became members of the Painter’s Guild there in 1701. She was the first female member of the Artists’ Society, The Confrerie Pictura. From 1708-1716 she worked in Dusseldorf as Court Painter to Johann Wilhelm, the Elector Palatine.

She continued to produce brilliant flower still lifes into the middle of the 18th Century and her reputation was such that at her death in 1750, eleven poets paid their respects by writing poems about her.

Although she has always been a sought-after artist by connoisseurs, she is not a household name today. As she was a relatively prolific painter, over 250 works by her are known, she appears at auction on a regular basis, 71 paintings in the last 35 years. The world record price at auction is £1.65M and 9 of her paintings have made more than half a million dollars. If you would like to see works by Rachel Ruysch, The National Gallery in London has three. Furthermore, there is a wonderful exhibition dedicated to her work, currently at the Altepinakotech in Munich until March 16th. It then relocates to Toledo, Ohio from April 13th – July 22nd and ends its tour at the MFA in Boston from August 23rd to December 7th. I think it more than justifies a trip to New England in the fall!

PS…
When she was around the age of 50, she won 70,000 guilders in a lottery and gave up painting for a while!

Barry Humphries: A Life in Comedy, Art and Satire

Posted on February 19, 2025February 19, 2025 by Jonathan Horwich

Early Life and Education

John Barry Humphries was born on February 17 1934, in Melbourne, Australia. Raised in a comfortable suburban home, he developed a love for theatre, literature, and surreal humour from an early age. He was also a budding artist – as a young child his father would encourage him by drawing head studies and he would do the bodies. Then as a teenager he became a junior pupil in the life class at Melbourne’s George Bell painting school and he continued to paint throughout his life.

Career Beginnings and Move to London

Humphries first made a mark in the Melbourne theatre scene in the 1950s, performing in satirical revues. During this time, he created Dame Edna Everage, originally as a parody of an Australian suburban housewife. In 1959, he moved to London, where he became involved in the vibrant theatre and comedy world. He worked with comedy legends such as Peter Cook and Dudley Moore and became part of the satire boom that influenced British comedy for decades to follow.

Rise to Fame: The Evolution of Dame Edna

Barry’s best known and perhaps best loved character, Dame Edna Everage had transformed over the years from a meek Melbourne housewife in the 50s into an extravagant, purple-haired “megastar” known for her razor-sharp wit, oversized glasses, and love of gladioli. She hosted TV talk shows such as The Dame Edna Experience; and also live stage shows in London’s West End, such as Edna-The Spectacle where she humorously and often ruthlessly insulted members of the audience.

I was an audience member at one of these shows in the early 90s. Our seats were fairly near the front of the stalls, and as I was sitting in the aisle unwittingly I became a prime target for Dane Edna’s audience spotters, who picked me out to come up on stage along with a dozen other people. We were all lined up across the right hand side of the stage, standing rather awkwardly waiting for what was to come. I got off quite lightly, for women Dame Edna made a thorough search through their handbags looking for anything suitably embarrassing and for men it was down to their ‘pocket litter’ and wallets. Somehow I had managed to lose my wallet or at least misplace it in between leaving the car and arriving at the theatre so I just got a severe teasing for having done so…..

Other Iconic Characters

Humphries was a master of character comedy and created several other satirical figures, including:

Sir Les Patterson – A vulgar, drunken Australian politician who with his heavily food stained tie and suit lapels unashamedly mocked all and every cultural stereotype.
Sandy Stone – A melancholic elderly man reminiscing about a lost Australia.
Barry McKenzie – A beer-loving Australian expatriate, featured in comic strips and films.

Film, TV, and Literary Work

Humphries enjoyed success in various mediums:

Voiced Bruce the Shark in Finding Nemo (2003).
Appeared in The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (2012).
Wrote novels, memoirs (More Please, My Life as Me), and satirical essays.
Starred in numerous stage productions, including one-man shows combining comedy, improv, and audience interaction.

Later Life and Legacy

Despite announcing his retirement several times, Humphries continued performing well into his 80s. He received numerous honours, including a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) and an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO).

Barry Humphries was not only a brilliant comedian and satirist but also a passionate art collector. Over his lifetime, he built an impressive collection of paintings, drawings, and sculptures, particularly focusing on Australian modernist and surrealist art.

Humphries’ Love of Fine Art

Through his appreciation for modernist and avant-garde art in his youth, Barry was also influenced by movements such as Dadaism and Surrealism. Barry further developed an extraordinarily good ‘eye ‘ for Fine Art and objects. This innate ability later lead to an almost obsessive desire to acquire art and objects he lusted for.

Later during his time in London, Barry mingled with artists and intellectuals, which only deepened this already very strong interest in collecting.

I first came across Barry in the early 1980’s when I was a picture specialist at Christie’s in South Kensington. We held regular sales of Australian and decorative International Fine Art and objects and Barry was a regular attendee at many of these sales. I met him viewing in person at our auction previews on many occasions over the years. He cut a very striking figure in his broad brimmed black velvet hat, usually pulled down low over his eyes and an equally black stylish cape, this gave him an air of mystery always caused a buzz in the sale room. It was always exciting whenever a celebrity came to view one of our auctions , however Barry was different in that he was not only very knowledgeable, he was also very happy to spend time talking about what interested him and why and he was happy to share his knowledge … in his purchasing he showed all the classic hallmarks of the truly dedicated collector, I remember him declaring that he was constantly stretching his finances to buy the best and rarest pieces and then worrying about where the money was going to come from afterwards…..!

Artistic Influence on His Comedy

His love of surrealism and modernist art influenced his comedic style, seen in the absurdity of his characters and his sharp satire. His appreciation for visual aesthetics was also evident in the flamboyant costumes and theatricality of Dame Edna Everage.

Barry Humphries’ art collection is a true reflection of his intellectual curiosity, humour, and love for the avant-garde, making him not just a performer but also a serious connoisseur of fine art.

Barry died on April 22, 2023, at the age of 89, a significant number of works from his collection along with pieces from his work as an entertainer such as Dame Edna’s flamboyant glasses were included in the first of a series of auctions, this first auction took place in London on February 13th and is called ‘Barry Humphries, the personal collection’, unsurprisingly the printed catalogue has completely sold out, however it’s still possible to view the auction online and I have highlighted the results for a few pieces from this remarkable very personal collection, which includes numerous pairs of Dame Edna’s trademark glasses along with Fine objects, original paintings and prints by various artists, plus a number of fine original paintings by Barry himself!

Barry really was a man of many talents and interests and he leaves behind a much larger legacy as one of the greatest satirists and entertainers of his time. While his humour, characters, and sharp social commentary remain an enduring part of comedy history; his contribution as an avid, determined and hugely knowledgeable art collector adds significantly to his much more widely known legacy as an entertainer.

Post auction insurance values

A very recent auction such as this one has arguably established a market or auction value represented by the prices achieved, however they do not represent a value for insurance purposes, they are only the price achieved on the day and on another day at another time the price may well be quite different. Therefore, it is important to have any new purchases valued for insurance and added to your policy schedule as soon as possible and from then on, have them re-valued on a regular basis, ideally every four years also with the rest of your collection.
Looking at the results of the sale, I’d say there were two distinct groups of buyers. Generally, prices for the traditional art, sculpture, and paintings were closer to their estimates than those for the Dame Edna souvenirs, dresses, glasses, and so on.

Barry Humphries was, as I saw him, a very serious collector who made significant financial sacrifices to amass such a fine ‘private collection’, as the auction title suggests. Strong prices were achieved for the traditional art, sculpture, and paintings, which sold much closer to their estimates. The more ‘frivolous’ Dame Edna souvenirs, strictly speaking not collected by Barry but ‘acquired’ over the years, were less predictable.

The top lot of the sale, Sand Dunes by Charles Conder, sold for £239,400 against an estimate of £200K to £300K, so spot on. I imagine the buyers of dresses and glasses had little or no interest in this painting or any of the other serious artworks. Quite understandably, they just wanted to own something as a memory of a celebrity they loved and weren’t too concerned about what they should pay.

I don’t envy the person who had to estimate the value of Edna’s glasses or stage costumes. Perhaps the estimates were perfectly reasonable if people hadn’t loved Dame Edna so much. In hindsight, they might appear cautious, but I think they were fair to begin with. After that, it simply became a matter of passion and a hugely enjoyable bidding war to determine the winners.

By contrast, prices for the paintings were more predictable as there were comparable results from past auctions, many likely bought by Barry himself. On average, these works sold closer to their estimates, though some did exceed expectations. That happens even in single-owner sales of non-famous people’s collections, where prices almost always exceed expectations. I once worked it out and found that, on average, the final total for a single-owner sale was 2.4 times the pre-sale low estimate.

As they say in football, this was a game of two halves. Fans of Dame Edna were on one side and, on the other, serious collectors of late 19th- and 20th-century British illustrators, Australian artists, and admirers of Oscar Wilde and his followers. It made for a truly memorable auction and great entertainment. The final sale total was £4,627,224.

Barry would have loved it!

To arrange a memorabilia valuation or an art valuation call us on 01883 722736 or email us at [email protected].

Old Masters Sales December 2024

Posted on January 9, 2025March 20, 2025 by David Dallas

I was very alarmed when I previewed the December 2024 Old Master Sales in London that there weren’t many pictures, no masterpieces and too high a percentage of pictures were in less than perfect state.

What was going to happen? I felt very discouraged. I have talked before about the effects of geo-politics and the economy on the timing of Old Master sales, but why weren’t there more paintings appearing out of necessity – the old 3D chestnuts of death, divorce and destitution? Sotheby’s had just 26 lots of which two were of prints and two of late 19^th Century pictures, hardly Old Masters. Christie’s was the same with 26 lots, one of which was sculpture and three late 19^th Century pictures. The Day Sales were even thinner with sculpture, 19^th Century paintings, watercolours, drawings and even Limoges enamels to bulk them out. It doesn’t bode well for the future.

As it happens, the sales, in relation to their estimates, were quite strong. Six lots failed to sell at Sotheby’s and the same at Christie’s, but there, the two auction houses diverge. The Sotheby’s total was £24.2M and Christie’s a very modest £13.99M.

The star of the Sotheby’s sale was a Botticelli Madonna and Child, that realized £9.96M; not far short of the Christie’s total. Botticelli is, of course, a magic name and this picture hadn’t been on the market for 120 years. They also had a handsome Stubbs of a Pointer in a Landscape. I love his work, but the colouring in this oil painting was most peculiar. The landscape, instead of being a vibrant green, as Constable would have painted it, was made up of smudgy pinks and browns, making it look like an aquatint! It made a sound £1.8M, nevertheless.

Christie’s had a powerful oil sketch of a prancing horse by van Dyck, which had a hastily sketched landscape on the reverse, so the purchaser, at £3.4M, got two for the price of one. They also offered an unusual still life by Clara Peeters of a Stack of Cheeses. This made £655,000 against an estimate of £100-150,000, just showing the continuing interest in works by female artists, especially when they are slightly off-beat.

My favourite offering of the week was the pair of what I suppose one would call ‘fancy pictures’, rather than portraits, that Bonhams offered. They were of a girl selling watercress and a girl selling flowers by the German artist Johan Zoffany, who worked for many years in London and was a founder member of the Royal Academy. I had catalogued this pair of paintings 30 years ago and was very surprised and sad when they failed to sell then. This time round, having established that a distant ancestor of the vendor had bought them directly from the artist, they took wing at a very healthy £991,000 with premiums.

What do these results tell us? That the supply of good/great is diminishing, but there is a market for them and the prices are strong. The same cannot be said of third-rate Old Masters. There is almost no demand at all. It’s not just a price correction, there aren’t any bids.

There will be more Old Master news after the February sales in New York, which looked much more interesting than their London counterparts, when I viewed the best lots in London last week. In particular, Sotheby’s are selling the remnants of the celebrated collection of Aso Tivitian. He was a philanthropic, Armenian billionaire who made his money out of microchips. He started life in New York as a cab driver before getting a scholarship to Columbia University. He has left a painting to the Frick and one to the Met in New York and over 330 works of art to the Clark Art Institute in Williamstown, Massachusetts.

The “remnants” are by no means lesser fry, they just don’t fit with the public collections he has supported. They are significant paintings in a wonderful state of preservation. He also collected great English furniture and European sculpture. Their sale should give us a more accurate idea of how much taste there is for Old Masters, currently.

The Art Market 2023 – 2024: A review

Posted on December 5, 2024March 20, 2025 by Ben Hanly

2023-2024 has been a deeply complex year all round; the world has had to navigate the continuing conflict in Ukraine, the ongoing volatility in the global financial markets and high inflation and interest rates, together with the increasingly tense and brutal situation in the Middle East. This combination of factors does not breed economic confidence and positivity, but rather caution and concern. This is also true of the art market, which is inextricably linked to the economic markets. 2023-2024 has been a year of contraction and reassessment.

The escalating inflation and other economic concerns in different regions have directly impacted available discretionary income and subsequent spending for many collectors. Even for high-net-worth (HNW) collectors, who may have been less impacted by cost-of-living hikes, concerns over wealth creation and its stability affected their willingness to make discretionary purchases and sales, while volatile social and political issues weighed on sentiment and distracted their focus from their collections.

The two years following the Covid pandemic, saw the art market recover and the general outlook become more positive. Sales increased across all sectors, which saw rapid and expansive growth, with the market reaching new heights – culminating in 2022 with global art sales of $67.8 billion.

In 2023 and 2024, the trickle-down effect from the global economy hit the art market, which saw a noticeable but not drastic 4% downturn, resulting in $64.4 billion global sales across all sectors and regions. Considering the significant external factors at play, this 4% fall has been surprisingly modest. The auction houses saw a greater fall than dealers, losing 7% of their sales versus 3% for dealers.

Interestingly, it has been the lower to mid end of the art market that has fared better than the top of the market. This is unusual as normally in times of economic and political upheaval, the blue chip dominated top end of the market tends to be recession proof – quality is always demand and carries a premium. In this case, however, the relatively heavier downturn at the top of the market was reflective of a lack of supply to the market rather than a lack of money or interest. Major collectors have been reluctant to let major works from their collections go to auction when there is an underlying concern about the economic future. Much of this caution is misplaced, the appetite and money to buy great things still exists, as is evidenced by a slew of strong prices achieved by the major works which did make it to the market – most notably the $139.4m for Picasso’s 1932, Femme à la montre, or the £85.3m for Klimt’s Lady with a Fan. The lower to mid-level of the market had no such issues, with a healthy supply fuelling an increase in overall global sales transactions of 39.4 million (albeit at a lower level).

One of the main reasons for the relatively modest aggregate downturn in the art market has been differences in the performance of sales in some of the major global art markets – some have fallen but some have risen to counter this.

Historically, the three main players in the art market geographically have been the US, Britain and Asia represented by China in its entirety, including Hong Kong and Singapore. Within this group, the US is, and has always been, the senior partner. The US has the largest concentration of art buying wealth anywhere in the world, it is where the largest financial art transactions occur, and the where the most prominent auctions take place. In spite of this though, in 2023-2024 the US art market dropped by a significant 10% to $27.2 billion, which represents 42% of the global art market. This was predominantly due to the shrinking of the top end of the market.

In contrast, for the first time ever, China out stripped the UK to reach second place, up 19%, with sales of $12.2 billion. The rapid growth in the Chinese market balanced out the drop in the US and UK markets, resulting in the small global aggregate drop of 4%. China’s sudden growth was a result of their delayed bounce back from the COVID crisis – whereas the West came out of lockdown in 2021 and experienced a surge in economic growth; China on the other hand experienced harder and longer lock downs, only coming out of COVID recession in 2022-2023. Their economic boom was therefore felt in 2023, with their population eager to enter the market again with enthusiasm. Also, many auctions which had been cancelled due to COVID were rescheduled for 2023 and early 2024, resulting in a significant spike in sales.

Historically, whilst Paris has been Europe’s centre of creativity, London has been the great centre of European art trading. In 2023, however, the UK fell to third place globally, down 8% with $10.9 billion. Much of that was due to China’s surging market, but the effects of Brexit were also a significant contributing factor. The increased difficulty and cost of trading in the UK, due to increased bureaucracy and import duties, have had a very real effect on the art market. Add to this, the indefinable impression felt internationally that London has lost its way somewhat and is not open to business as it used to be, has contributed to the UK’s art market decline in sales.

The growth of online digital sales has continued in tandem to traditional sales. The COVID crisis was pivotal in the push towards online sales, as it was a essential to the survival of the art market at the time. In 2023-2024, online sales rose 7% on 2022 figures to $11.8 billion, representing 18% of all art sales. This figure will do doubt continue to rise as collectors become more tech savvy and comfortable, however, the value of individual purchases remains relatively low – under $50,000. It seems that at the higher level of transactions, collectors still want to touch noses with the artwork before committing!

Whist the art market did contract by 4% in 2023-2024 due to various global economic and geopolitical factors, the market has stayed remarkably strong, nonetheless. Money has not disappeared, nor that the collector base, what has changed is that market is now more a buyer’s market rather than a seller’s market – the inflated hot air has left the room. That said, great things still made very strong prices when they came to the market as evidenced by the following master works which for sale last year.

If you would like an art valuation, get in touch by calling us on 01883 722736 or email us at [email protected].

A fine art: dealing with art and chattels on divorce

Posted on November 11, 2024March 20, 2025 by Rachel Doerr

It is often claimed that London is the ‘divorce capital’ of the world. The city also plays an important role in the global art market, being home to world-famous auction houses and galleries.

It is not surprising therefore that the division of art collections increasingly crops up within the context of divorce proceedings. Over the last 10 years, diverse investment portfolios are more likely to include tangible assets such as art, wines, watches and jewellery. The valuation of such items can be difficult however and the division between a couple in the event of their divorce can be contentious.

Valuation

Valuation is a central issue in most divorce cases. The family courts need to calculate the assets in the case and categorise them as ‘matrimonial’ or ‘nonmatrimonial’. Only once the valuation exercise is complete can the parties (and the judge) turn their minds to considering the division of the matrimonial assets between the couple (and if necessary invading the ‘non-matrimonial’ property) to effect a fair financial outcome.

The court can sanction the instruction of an expert within matrimonial proceedings under Part 25 of the Family Procedure Rules. The benefits of expert valuations are that they can:

Provide a clear understanding of value and can prevent heartache, arguments and expensive legal wrangling.
Support compliance with the financial disclosure required by Form E and each party’s duty to give full and frank disclosure of their worldwide assets.
Help to minimize conflict, so all parties are using the same figures when entering into negotiations.
Help both parties find a fair and informed division of the assets once values are understood.

The expert owes a duty to the court to help on matters within their expertise. This duty supersedes their obligations to the paying party so their report can be truly independent and reliable.

The letter of instruction to an expert is a vital document. It needs to clearly set out the relevant background and to ask the right questions. Key considerations for instructing an art expert include:

Individual pieces vs a collection

Valuing a single piece of art may be easy. But what of a collection? The expert needs to know if they are valuing the collection as a whole or the individual pieces. A well curated collection may be worth more than the sum of its parts, and this value needs to be accurately recorded. In the case of a large collection being sold, the total price achieved can often far exceed presale price expectations. Factors in this are varied but with art, the price achieved is linked to the quality, breadth and date of the works in the collection and also the profile of the owner in the art world. A good example is the recent sale in New York of the Macklowe collection of contemporary art. The sale came about as a result of a very high profile, acrimonious and long running divorce battle in the courts between Harry and Linda Macklowe. The disagreement reached a stalemate, which was ended by a judge declaring that the art must be valued and then sold by public auction. The works were spread over two major auctions in New York in November 2021 and May 2022. Every single lot sold and the total of $922 million became the highest total ever achieved for a private collection at auction.

Purpose of Valuation

The purpose of the valuation can also impact the value. A valuation which assumes a fire sale may differ markedly from a considered sale over time. This may differ again from a value for tax purposes, insurance or probate. For the purpose of valuation for matrimonial proceedings, the value level required is referred to by the courts as ‘fair market value’ and is defined as:

‘the price at which the property would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller, neither being under any compulsion to buy or sell and both having reasonable knowledge of relevant facts’. ‘the price at which the property would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller, neither being under any compulsion to buy or sell and both having reasonable knowledge of relevant facts’.

The Court’s Approach

The court starts with an assumption that assets generated during the marriage, which are considered ‘matrimonial’, should be shared equally. These sharing claims are cross checked against the parties’ financial needs, which are assessed in the context of the couple’s standard of living during their relationship and all the available resources. If required to meet their respective income and housing needs (and those of any children), one spouse may be awarded more than 50% of the ‘matrimonial’ assets, or potentially even a share of the other spouse’s ‘non-matrimonial’ assets.

The categorisation of assets as ‘matrimonial’ or ‘non-matrimonial’ is not straightforward. An artwork purchased during the marriage by the couple together using their joint funds is almost certainly ‘matrimonial’ whereas an inherited piece kept in storage paid for by one party from their own funds is most likely ‘non-matrimonial’. But the court will also have to grapple with the less clear scenarios – perhaps a piece purchased by one party with their sole funds during the marriage, or an inherited work declared to have been gifted from one spouse to the other.

The division of chattels, particularly artworks, between the couple on divorce can be particularly challenging. One spouse may connect with a certain piece, regardless of when it was purchased and by whom. It is not necessarily the case that the art purchased during the marriage will be physically shared item by item, to be displayed in either party’s home, but it is essential to capture its value in the calculation of the marital pot. The parties can agree whatever terms they feel achieve fairness, failing which the court has a wide discretion to divide the assets (or order their sale) to achieve overall fairness in the circumstances of the case. For items of particular sentimental value, it is common for parties to want to impose a condition that the receiving party leave by will to their children. The court does not have the power to order this as English law allows for testamentary freedom but, if the parties can agree, their settlement can provide, for example, that one party enter into an irrevocable deed to leave certain items to the parties’ children upon their death.

Protecting Artwork on Divorce

Ultimately, to protect any asset from sharing in the event of a divorce, it is prudent to enter into a pre/post-nuptial agreement setting out how their assets should be divided in the event of a divorce. Nuptial agreements are becoming increasingly popular with couples who wish to agree the division of their assets and avoid a potentially contentious divorce in the event of marital breakdown. Spouses should also ensure that the purchase and ownership of the art is clearly documented and consider where it should be stored or displayed. Disputes about gifts are also common in divorce cases – one spouse may argue that a piece was gifted to them individually, whilst the other claims that it was gifted to them both. Care should be taken to ensure that gifts are evidenced and insurance policies are in the right name. Open and honest communication, whether in negotiations surrounding a nuptial agreement or otherwise, can help to avoid disputes on separation. Early professional advice is crucial in identifying and valuing artwork to achieve an overall fair settlement in divorce proceedings.

Frederick Tatham, Partner, Farrer & Co

Elizabeth Biggs, Associate, Farrer & Co

Rachel Doerr, Founder & Managing Director, Doerr Dallas Valuations

Visit the Farrer & Co website here: www.farrer.co.uk

Visit the Doerr Dallas Valuations website here: www.doerrvaluations.co.uk

A Glimpse into Asian Art in London: Highlights from a Vibrant 2024 Edition

Posted on November 7, 2024November 11, 2024 by Ashley Crawford

Over the past few days, I have enjoyed attending Asian Art in London (AAL), which is always a focal point of the year. Whether you are an arts professional, a seasoned collector, or a complete newcomer to the world of Asian art, AAL offers a multitude of valuable experiences for everyone.

As an Asian art valuer, I always make sure to attend as many Asian art fairs as possible to assess current market trends, widen my knowledge of objects outside of my specialties, meet new colleagues, and, of course, enjoy some world-class Asian art! This year, I attended Asia Week in New York, Printemps Asiatique in Paris, and AAL, which is currently running through 8 November. Over a 10-day period, AAL celebrates galleries from all over the world, local Asian art auctions, and, for the first time ever, a full-day symposium on various Asian art topics at SOAS, University of London. While all of the Asian art fairs I’ve attended have been very successful, Asian Art in London is unique because it is the oldest, currently celebrating its 27^th year. This is the third year I’ve attended, and thus far, 2024 has been my favorite. Here are three highlights from my experience this year:

The Asian Art in London Gala

The annual gala was held at the V&A this year, where guests networked, learned about the winners of each of Asian Art in London’s prize categories, and were able to view the Asian galleries outside of the hustle and bustle of opening hours. I enjoyed attending a curator-led tour of the Japan collections, particularly the kimonos on display. One of my favorite kimonos was a bright and bold contemporary work by Ueoka Taro, which was a striking juxtaposition placed next to the traditional kimonos.

Ming Gu Gallery’s Lecture with Artist Li Chevalier

This year, Sotheby’s is hosting several gallery participants from AAL. Ming Gu Gallery, a contemporary gallery specializing in East Asian art, very kindly invited me to attend a lecture with Li Chevalier, the artist of the gallery’s solo exhibition Unveiled Silence. As an antiques specialist, I greatly benefitted from learning more about contemporary Asian art trends and techniques. Chevalier has led a fascinating and international life, reflected in her mixture of Chinese and Italian art techniques. Her career began in music, rather than art, at the age of 15, when she joined the Chinese army as an opera singer. She has since lived in Italy and France and often works in the UK. Today, her work remains heavily influenced by music, poetry, and a multicultural identity. This is demonstrated in her painting In der Fremde (In a Foreign Land), named after Robert Schumann’s Lied. [1]

The SOAS Symposium

As a SOAS alumna of both the Postgraduate Diploma in Asian Art and the MA in History of Art, I was excited to attend SOAS’ first ever symposium for AAL, Asian Art: Objects in Focus. I attended to learn more about the specialist topics offered, but also as a Travel Hands volunteer guide for a deafblind participant, as I frequently provide museum tours for this organization. SOAS has a very engaged alumni community, so it was wonderful to see so many familiar faces. Two major recurring themes across the lectures were provenance and dating, topics that are always at the forefront of an Asian antiques valuer’s mind!

My favorite lecture was Dr Johnson’s Chinese Teapot: Tracing the History of a Celebrity Object by Professor Stacey Pierson. This keynote presentation explored the fascinating and complex provenance of a teapot at the British Museum that had been incorrectly labeled as having been owned by Dr Samuel Johnson, the British lexicographer. Professor Pierson raised important questions about the implications of naming an object after a famous person or place, a term called “provenance branding”. She cited other examples such as the Hope Diamond and the Benin Bronzes. In the case of the Dr Johnson teapot, the issue extended far beyond a single object, as many stylistically similar teapots were also misattributed. Going a step further, auction lots of similar teapots (such as here and here) that had no contact with Dr Johnson at all often still include reference to this celebrity somewhere in the listing.

As valuers, we employ the same provenance research skills when assessing objects. The correct provenance is crucial when determining values, and, as Professor Pierson’s lecture demonstrated, it’s important not to automatically assume that the provided provenance is accurate! I learned so much from the various case studies at the SOAS symposium and was very grateful for the invitation from the SOAS-Alphawood Diploma in Asian Art. I hope the symposium will become an AAL tradition in future years!

Asian Art in London runs through Friday, 8 November. You can learn more about the events offered here.

You can learn more about Ming Gu Gallery’s current exhibition Unveiled Silence here.

You can learn more about the SOAS-Alphawood Postgraduate Diploma in Asian Art here.

You can read Professor Pierson’s article about the Dr Johnson teapot here.

[1] Some examples of her previous similar paintings are here and here.

To arrange a valuation of your Asian Art call us on 01883 722736 or email [email protected]

The Legacy of Elisabetta Sirani: Art, Fame, and Mystery

Posted on October 22, 2024November 25, 2024 by David Dallas

This week’s female artist is the fascinating Elisabetta Sirani (1638-1665).

She was born in Bologna on January 8^th 1638 to Margherita and Giovanni Andrea Sirani. Fortunately for her, her father Gian’Andrea Sirani was a favourite pupil of Guido Reni and took over his practice as teacher and master in the first Life School in Bologna. Naturally, Elisabetta studied under her father and, therefore, absorbed the technique of Guido. She also studied the paintings of other great Bolognese baroque painters such as Annibale Carracci, Simone Cantarini and Carlo Cignani. She was well educated, liked music and was familiar with the Bible, lives of the Saints and classical mythology, all of which provided subject matter for her paintings.

By 1654, when she was only 16, she took over the running of her father’s workshop, as Giovanni Andrea had become incapacitated by Gout. I am not sure why Gout was so prevalent in previous centuries and caused so much trouble. Joseph Banks in the late 18^th Century, for example, would take to a wheelchair for several months at a time. Enough on Gout!

Elisabetta Sirani Timoclea killing the Captain of Alexander the Great

Elisabetta Sirani – Self Portrait

From this moment on, Elisabetta, the eldest of four children became the family’s main breadwinner by a combination of income from her portraits and other commissions and tuition fees. She had more than a dozen pupils and set up the first lay, as opposed to convent, school for women artists. She was also a prolific painter, as well as celebrated teacher. She produced over 200 paintings, 13 altarpieces, 15 etchings and hundreds of drawings. In fact, she was so prolific that many people accused her of using pupils to paint the pictures, which was, after all, standard studio practice. However, Elisabetta tended to sign her pictures and in order to rebuke the accusations that she did not paint them herself, invited her accusers on May 13^th 1664 to her studio to watch her paint a portrait in a single sitting!

She became a celebrity and anyone of status visiting Bologna would ask to be invited to her studio to watch her at work. Her clientele was made up of Kings, Princes, Dukes, Cardinals, rich merchants and the church, not only from Bologna but across Europe. All of this is surprising, as she was dead by the age of 27. The cause of her death is the subject of mystery and speculation. Some say she was poisoned by a jealous maid, others that she developed ulcers because of her excessive workload.

Elisabetta Sirani – Madonna and Child

Portia wounding her thigh

In any event, the city of Bologna went into mourning at her death and she was given a most elaborate funeral. A massive catafalque was created with a life size sculpture of Elisabetta inside it. There was music composed in her honour by the most famous musicians in Bologna and orations and poems written in honour of the “Lamented Paintbrush”. She was buried in the Basilica of San Domenico in Bologna, in the same tomb as Guido Reni, who had been her father’s tutor.

A word on the Catafalque (temple of honour)

What we are looking at is a design for the catafalque by Matteo Borboni (c.1610-1667) who oversaw the decorations for her funeral. The finished monument was made of wood painted to look like marble and the life-size statue of Elisabetta at her easel was made of wax. This gives you some idea of the scale of the temple and the high regard in which Elisabetta “Gem of Italy” was held.

If you are lucky enough to own one of her paintings, make sure it is properly insured. An average Madonna and Child is worth between £50,000 and £80,000. The top price at auction is $505,000 for “Portia wounding her thigh”, sold at Sotheby’s New York in 2008.

A drawing of Elisabetta’s Catafalque by Matteo Barboni (1610-1667)

Old Master Sales July 2024

Posted on August 6, 2024August 9, 2024 by David Dallas

The Old Master market, judging by the London sales in early July, continues to be split between the desirable and the unloved. The Day Sales, for the “unloved” were very flat affairs. Christie’s managed a total of £3.489M for 170 lots, with 36 unsold – mostly sculptures and watercolours, which they now include with oil paintings as there is such a dearth of viable lots; while Sotheby’s total was £2.178M for 182 lots, 65 of which were bought in.

The evening sales painted a much rosier picture, with only 10 out of 58 lots failing to sell on the day, although they may have found buyers, subsequently. Christie’s had much the better sale, in fact, their wonderful Titian of The Rest on The Flight into Egypt made over £5M more than the whole of the Sotheby’s sale! It was estimated at £15-25M and was knocked down for £17.56M including buyer’s premium. Other star lots at Christie’s include the beautiful Quentin Metsys of The Madonna of the Cherries which made £10.66M including buyer’s premium to the Getty Museum, against an estimate of £8-12M. It is interesting to note that this picture was offered by Christie’s in 2015 described as a studio work and made £200,000. At that time, a green curtain, painted at a later date, obscured the beautiful landscape seen through the window. Subsequent cleaning and restoration have revealed that this is the prime version of a much-copied composition. There was also a handsome Frans Hals Portrait of a Gentleman, which made a solid £5.7M.

It was a bad week for George Stubbs the great Liverpudlian, 18th Century horse painter, however. His magnificent Mares and Foals offered by Christie’s with an estimate of £7-10M failed to find a buyer, as did the fine double horse portrait by him offered at Sotheby’s with an estimate of £400,000-600,000.

The Christie’s evening sale achieved a very healthy £43,594,800, which was their best result for 10 years, while Sotheby’s total was a less impressive £12.366M.

One of my favourite pictures of the week, was the view of a Baroque Sculpture Gallery by the Dordrecht painter Samuel van Hoogstraten, which made £356,000 including buyer’s premium at Bonhams. Hoogstraten was a man of many talents, poet, painter, art theoretician and sometime pupil of Rembrandt. There is a wonderful trompe l’oeil, peep show with views of the Interior of a 17th Century Dutch House, by him in the National Gallery, London. It is well worth a visit.

The message from the week’s sales is that if you have a masterpiece by an Old Master make sure the insurance value is high enough and if you have works by minor masters, check current values to make sure your premium isn’t too high.

Angelica Kauffman

Posted on May 14, 2024August 23, 2024 by David Dallas

Angelica Kauffman (1741-1807), who was a founder member of the Royal Academy and one of the most soughtafter portrait painters of her generation, is the subject of a major retrospective Exhibition at the Royal Academy, the first of its type in Britain in my lifetime.

The press release from the R.A. describes her as “one of the most celebrated artists of the 18th Century” and indeed she was. She was born in Switzerland and trained under her father before moving to various cities in Italy, ending up in Rome in 1763 where she became friends with Nathaniel Dance, the English portrait and history painter.

He, like many of his male contemporaries, fell under the spell of Angelica and sent her portrait of the actor, David Garrick, painted in Rome, to the Free Society in London, where it caused a stir. Who was this Swiss girl in her very early 20s who could paint such a powerful portrait? Even the thought of this young girl staring into the face of a man 25 years her senior, as Garrick was, must have caused a frisson. When she arrived in London a year later, she was inundated with commissions to paint portraits. These she undertook and specialised in painting the most famous women of the day and “history” pictures, whose subjects were taken from classical history or literature and which depicted female protagonists, for the most part. This altered the direction of European Art.

History painting, despite the promotion of Sir Joshua Reynolds, President of The Royal Academy, who was rumoured to have had an affair with Angelica, whom he referred to as “Miss Angel”, was not very popular in England and Angelica left London for Italy in 1781. In that year she married Antonio Zucchi, a Venetian painter working in England and they lived first in Venice and latterly in Rome, where her salon/studio was to quote the R.A. flyer “a hub for the City’s cultural life”. Goethe and Canova were frequent visitors and Canova organised her funeral. She took Goethe on art appreciation trips every Sunday in Rome and contemporaries described her as “the most cultivated woman in Europe”.

But what of her paintings themselves? I confess that I have always found them rather unlovable. I was steeped in classical mythology and history as a child, so I don’t find her subject matter dry or forbidding. It is her palette and technique I don’t like. She is painting in the age of Neo-Classicism, so one expects a clarity of line, which is wholly missing in her work. It may be that the smudgy outlines are a result of her early training in Italy, where the Sfumato Technique was so popular. This avoids harsh outlines and encourages a smokey, blurred edge to figures and draperies. This blurriness has, to my mind, crept into her choice of colours too, which lack purity and brilliance. Angelica likes dirty golds, muddy oranges, and beige. Compare her self-portrait with that of her younger contemporary Elizabeth Vigee-Le-Brun (1753-1842) and tell me who you think is the greater painter. Finally, with so much of her work based on ideas of Classical beauty, I am not sure she is any good at catching a likeness. Compare her portrait of her friend and admirer, Sir Joshua Reynolds, with one of Reynolds’ own self-portraits. We know exactly what Reynolds looked like, because he painted himself so many times and they do not vary, except in age.

Angelica’s portrait does not look anything like him. It could be anybody.

I am sorry, Angelica, to make these harsh judgements about your work, but I have always felt you were overrated as a painter, not as a human being. I would have loved to have sat next to you at dinner.

Anyway, don’t take my word for how good or bad Angelica Kauffman is as a painter. It is just my opinion.

Over the past few decades, her reputation has soared and she has an international following. Her prices at auction have followed suit. Twenty-two of her paintings have made six figure sums and the top price is $1.1M. Most of these pictures have been group portraits, but not all. In 2001 Sotheby’s sold a self-portrait by Angelica, in a painted oval, for over £420,000. Anyone who has inherited a painting by Angelica Kauffman should be aware of current auction prices to make certain they are properly insured.

Bonhams: The Crown Auction

Posted on February 20, 2024March 20, 2025 by Stephanie Connell

The Crown AuctionThe Crown AuctionWe are in the era of prestige television.

Historically, T.V. programmes have been looked upon as the lesser relation to cinematic releases – movies traditionally viewed as pinnacle of film making. Today, television shows are often highly respected productions. As series run over weeks or even years, they can capture the public imagination with scores of fans and followers alike. These shows are essential to the success of streaming
platforms – with large budgets and famous casts the quality of productions has improved enormously.

As such the field of Entertainment Memorabilia collecting has expanded with those objects featured in major television series, being broader and highly sort. Production companies have apparently become more aware of the value of these assets. Once filming ceases and series end, auctions of costumes and props are becoming more of a common occurrence.

It is with this backdrop, and several months of planning that Bonhams, London announced they would be holding an auction of costumes, props and designs used during production of the Netflix series ‘The Crown’.

The Crown has done a tremendous job of creating fictionalised accounts of historic events – capturing World Affairs and global politics from the 1930s to early 2000s. The series managed to recreate the costumes and settings enjoyed by the Royal family.

The Bonhams The Crown Auction was arranged as two separate sales – a one day Live Auction including 161 lots and many of the most valuable pieces, held at their New Bond Street headquarters. The second being an Online Auction of the more affordable and decorative objects, closing the following day. Proceeds from the Live Auction are to be donated to the National Film and Television School for a scholarship programme.

The pre-sale viewing for the auction was very popular with over 30,000 people attending – it is not very often that one can be photographed standing in the doorway to Number 10 Downing Street (be it a prop or otherwise – which eventually sold for £10,800 plus BP) or next to so many recognisable costumes.

The skill of the prop makers and set designers for the series was clear throughout the sale. One of the most impressive lots of the live auction was lot 80 – a reproduction of the Golden State Coach.

This is a highly accurate facsimile of the famous original, which has been used at every Coronation ceremony since 1831. The coach is a magnificent achievement in prop making. The replica was
designed and manufactured by specialist team including film horsemasters The Devil’s Horsemen and prop design company Anarchy. To achieve an accurate copy the coach was constructed in part from fibreglass, clay and 3-D printed elements. This stunning lot was sold for £56,280 (inc. BP).

A similarly important prop relating to the Coronation was lot 20 – a reproduction of Saint Edward’s Chair, otherwise known as the Coronation Chair. The chair – central to British history and the Coronation ceremony was predominantly manufactured out of fibreglass and had featured in the 5th episode of series one of the show. This precise replica of the 14th century original, such an important symbol of Royal authority, sold for £25,660 (inc. BP).

Another feat of prop making was lot 158 – a replica model of the funeral procession of Her late Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. According to the catalogue the model had taken between six and eight weeks to produce, being over 12 meters wides, including over 500 Britains soldiers, two hundred 3-D printed models (all having been designed and produced by The Crown team and hand-painted with accurate costume) devised by a group of experts. The selling price here was £53,740 (inc. BP).

As with the props, costume was an important element of the sale with detailed reproductions of famous regalia, evening wear and everyday outfits being included. The highest price achieved for costume in the Live Auction was for lot 21 – a replica of Queen Elizabeth II’s ceremonial Coronation garments. The original was in part designed by Norman Hartnell – the multi element costume worn by Claire Foy sold for £19,200. Also from the Coronation ceremony was lot 22 – a replica of Princess Margaret’s Coronation gown and robe. This time the lot sold for £6,144 (inc. BP).

Lot 238 was a cornelian jewellery suite designed for Vanessa Kirby as Princess Margaret and featuring in season 2. The set was specially commissioned by costume designer Jane Petrie and made by jewellery designer Katy Hackney. The catalogue detailed the inspiration behind the suite, conceived to act as a direct contrast to Her Majesty’s pearls. The lot included ear clips, triple strand
choker, together with original design. This fashionable suite sold for £5,376 (inc. BP).

For the fashion savvy lot 125 – a Christian Dior ‘Lady Dior’ handbag. This example, in black lambskin had been worn by Elizabeth Debicki during Season 5. The bag is closely associated with the late Princess Diana and was named ‘Lady Dior’ after Lady Diana. It is believed she owned the bag in every colour and was regularly seen carrying it, after she first received one as a gift from the First Lady of France in 1995. This bag sold for £10,880 (inc. BP).

Arguably one of the most iconic costumes in the auction was lot 134 – a replica of the black silk and chiffon cocktail dress worn by Princess Diana in November 1994. Dubbed the ‘Revenge’ dress, it had featured in Season 5, Episode 5 ‘The Way Ahead’. Unsurprisingly, one of the most sought after outfits in the sale (the lot additionally included bag and shoes) it sold for £12,800 (inc. BP).

In direct contrast one of the more affordable lots of the sale was 314 – A blouse and dungarees worn by Emma Corrin portraying the young Lady Diana Spencer. This lot costume achieved £435.20 (inc. BP).

Costume designs themselves were also popular with a number being offered for sale. Lot 170 was a collection of three watercolour and pencil designs executed by Michele Clapton for the character
of the Queen. The illustrations, which included fabric swatches and detailed annotations gave an insight into the Emmy Award winning costume designers work. They sold for £5,376 (inc. BP).

Interestingly, many of the pieces featured in the sale were not modern replicas but fine antique furniture and decorative objects. To reproduce the interiors afforded to a Royal household, pieces
had been carefully selected by the set designers. Chimney pieces, toys, ceramics and glass were all available.

Within the The Crown Auction Online Auction lot 168 was a William IV rosewood breakfast table used as part of the Buckingham Palace set. This traditional antique sold for £8,320 (inc. BP).

Lot 200 was a typical lot one might expect to see in a sale of Fine Furniture – a George II chest on chest. This 18th century and later piece of crossbanded walnut had been used as part of the set
for the Queen’s bedroom. With strong bidding it eventually sold for £21,760.

Lot 322 was a French 19th century kingwood, parquetry and cross banded brass mounted liqueur set. The set which is visible in the Audience Room scenes included glasses and decanters. It fetched £5,632 (inc. BP).

The most expensive piece of furniture included in the two auctions was lot 237 – A parquetry and gilt metal mounted cylinder bureau in the Louis XVI style. The bureau, having only been estimated at £2,000 – 3,000 was used by all three of the actresses playing the Queen (Claire Foy, Olivia Colman and Imelda Staunton). The lot was offered with set dressing, including framed
photographs and desk accessories. The piece was important to the history of the show, having served as a prop during the London stage production of ‘The Audience’ in 2013 – the inspiration
for The Crown series. The eventual online selling price was £46,080 (inc. BP).

On a different note, was lot 58 – two Beswick porcelain models of corgis. A common sight in Antique Centres across the UK, they had been chosen by the Set Decorating Department due to their similarity to pieces found in Windsor Castle. Offered together with an Edwardian silver photo frame containing a picture of a corgi – against a pre-sale estimate of £200 – 300 the charming lot sold for £3,328 (inc. BP).

The highest price paid during The Crown Auction Live Auction was for lot 102 – a 1987 Jaguar XJ-SC car – the vehicle had been used as a double for the late Princess Diana’s Jaguar, driven from 1987 – 1991.

The original, now part of the collection of Jaguar Heritage Trust, was adapted from a two-seater to allow Princes William and Harry to be passengers. Elizabeth Debicki as the Princess can be
seen driving it in the show. The car eventually achieved £70,250 (inc. BP).

The Crown auction highlighted the research and detail required when staging a production such as The Crown. This was evident during the online auction, where seven lots from The Crown’s reference library were on offer. Lot 498 included 90 volumes on the Royal Family – the books were no doubt invaluable to the team involved. The footnote detailed how the production used five full time researchers and other full-time staff to achieve historical accuracy – this lot sold for £2,816 (inc. premium).

This white glove sale of over 470 lots eventually realised over £1.6 million.